Explosive composition.



Ne n w unlit .ij iflilllto Patented June 13, 190? AUULlll FRANK, (1F UH ARLUTTEITlBURG, GERMANY.

EXPLQEEVE Application filed August 10,

To II /LUHI/ it NHL/j cult/Writ.-

Be it known that l, Anom'n FRANK, a subjcctof the King of Prussia, (lcrinan Emperor, residing at itlerlincrstrasse 2t Gharlottenburg, (irermany, have invented new and useful lmprorements in Explosive Compositions, of which the following is a specification.

The present invention relates to the use of cyanamids i. (a. ,cyanamid, dicyandiamid, tricyantriamid (melaminl thc salt of the said substances with acids or metals for the manufacturcot' explosives and the explosives containing cyanamids. Theobject of the said use of the cyanamids consists, especially, in reducing the temperature of the gases formed hy'the detonation of the explosive without diminishing the propelling or blasting power of the explosive. in explosives. as smokeless powder. of nitrocellulose or a mixture oi'nitroglycerin and nitrocellulose by the addition of cyanamids the temperature of the gases formed by thedetonation isdiminished, whereby an in jury made by the detonation to theguns is entirelyavoidedordiminisheil. lnmining-cxpiosives the inflammation of lire-damp is avoided by the said addition of cyana'mirl or cyanami'ds and a great safety against mining accidents is obtained.

According to the present invention generally. cyanamids. or asing'le cyanai'niihor salts of the cyanamids with acids or metals may he added to every substance or mixture of substances which are capable of detonation.

in the following th capreseut invention is described, in the way of example, in the use for gelatinous or gelatinized explosives containinn' nitrocellulose.

Cyanzunid having the formula Uihl h, dicyanainiil havingthe formula (hi'irlh, tricyantrianiid (incl: nin) having the formula Cal Ell, contain in hundred partsi-ESt'iii partsca hon, 4.762 parts hydrogen. (36.6% parts nitrogen. l or hurnine' the carbon of the said compounds to carhon nonoxld, one atom of oxygen is requjrcil for each atom of carbon. rlost of the gelatinous or gelatinized explosive mixtures containing nitrocellulosezin nitrocellulose and nitroglycerinare capable of yielding the said quantity of oxygen Without injuring their own complete combustion. in the combus" tion of the said mixtures to which an addi tion of cyanamids, a single cyauaniid, or a mixture of the cyanarnids, their salts. with acids or'rnetals, has been previously made, the nitrogen being present in a very high percentage is delivered, whereby no heat is formed, but a part of-the heat formed by the combustion or detonation is absorbed or made. latent. Therefore by the addition of the cyauamids or their salts a reduction of the team perature oi combustion or detonation and an increase of the propelling force is olotained.

A further advantage to he obtained by the addition of cyanainirls and their combinations to explosives containing nitrocellulose consists in the alkaline or basic reaction toward remainder or residues of acids that may he of iniiuencc in irrational keeping ordetrimental atmospheric actions on the powder. The stability of the nitrocellulose powder coir taining cyanamids or their salts is therefore essentially increased.

The manufacture of explosives and powders containing" nitrocellulose and cyanainids according to the present invention is carried out in the usual manner known for the manufacture of gelatinous or gclatinized explosive or powders containing nitroceilulor-ze or pu roxylin. One may mix guncotton, as collodion, nitrocellulose, or soluble guncotton, 80 with nitroglycerin in a gentle heat andadd to the mass cyanan1id- I. a, ,cyanainid. dicyandi amid. tricyantriamid. (inclaniim) or mixtures of the said substances. One may also add the cyanamid (or the cyananiids) to the guncotton or the nitroglycerin before or during thr- I latinising. Que n ay use. for instance, the foilowing; proportions: .t'our cysnainid, (or the cyanamidsfi ninetyts nitro glycerin three parts collo m go Que may Vary the proportie s or stances according to the rec ireni I the explosive intended to fulfill. The skilled workman will choose the proportions according to experi ients. The gelatinizerl mass molded or ressed into the required shape.

The quantity used of cyananiid he so chosen t a t/the carbon of the cyana'riirl Wili. be oxidized by the oxygen evolved in "1e e ..l..listite', col-(lite. zunhcrite, and

detonation to carhon monoxid. (Q9110 may. however, also use a larger quzmlity of r amid, so that the oxygen present is Iml lillll to oxidize the whole carbon of Qt'HIHilHl l lo carhon monoxid. quantity (l no risen such :2 of cyanamid dicrumliamid, tri

that the cyanmnid may he l'azoimed by ti nitrous acid evolved in thc dclm'iiiiiion. anamid may act m :1 cvamrgqen gmmidim which is converted l into guanylurezl and moniu into higuanid. The amido groups will he diazotizcd by the nitrous w'ltl evolved in the explosion. 'lhediazo compound s h. a peculiar velocity of decoii ipordtion which is very useful for the power of thc explosive and avoiding an increasing of temperature.

One may substitute, completely r partly. for the nitroccllulose nitrol trated wood, jute and such lilac. substitute, completely or partly troglyce'rin' nitrohcnzenc, nitrotoluol, and such like. One nurredd cyanumids, ortlmirsaltsonly to nil rocellulosc.

One may add cyummiid (cwmmnid, dir-y- :ugdizunid, tricyantriumid. thcir sell. wilh acids or mcl'uls) to :Lll powders or that contain gclntinouq or cellulose ornnothersort ol' n ii rocidlu l' or mixed with other substances. 1 1mm add, for instance, cyenumid (qyhinimilh div a izunid, 1ricyzmtrizunid, or their malts} such like. For instance, om may motile following proportions: first, sixty parts nitroglx'cerin, thirtymino parts nitrocellulose, (Soluhlc,)one part cyannmid; second troglycerin, thirtvwoven parts zuncortoir, (insoluhlm) live parts cyananlid. 'lhe pro-- portions may vary according to the requirements to be fulfilled by themcplo sivcr.

One may alqo use cynnzmlid, dicyzmlir' id, tricynntriamid, (mclamin their in hires or their salts, besides other :ulditions that are made to gelatinous or ,qclntinizcd (KPlGElWZf-l or gunpowders containing nitrocellulose- (Elms may A ploesircs truantrimni ll for the nia y combining with. \vnler by combining with um- 1 olmiimxl T m" the e cyammml, or the u the sulfate, the ifflllill'ih filly-eight parts ni-5 tiny; will; hot water 3 m. Such (1 mixture or" c mhmnid, rl trmmid.

.sulaslitulos for 5hr cvmm sides the wmmnids one mr nids n'm'lniner, use the n Hll'fl or an othrr suitable (dicyr' 'l5ll i ll 'iililll ihll mid 'hrrcm l have hrrmmlo Hig'm-d 427th day-of ,lnly, lilo, in the two milwi: 

